doi: 10.56294/mr202459

SHORT COMMUNICATION

Emerging Technologies: Leveraging Digital Literacy for Self-Sufficiency Among Library Professionals

Tecnologías emergentes: Aprovechar la alfabetización digital para la autosuficiencia de los profesionales de las bibliotecas

Oyighan Diseiye¹ *, Sandra Ejiro Ukubeyinje² *, Bolaji David Oladokun³ *, Venatus V. Kakwagh⁴ *

¹Library Department, Delta State School of Marine Technology. Burutu, Delta State, Nigeria.

²Library Department, College of Education Warri. Delta State, Nigeria.

³Department of Library and Information Technology, Federal University of Technology. Ikot Abasi, Akwa Ibom, Nigeria.

⁴Department of Sociology, Kogi State University. Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria.

Cite as: Diseiye O, Ejiro Ukubeyinje S, Oladokun BD, Kakwagh VV. Emerging Technologies: Leveraging Digital Literacy for Self-Sufficiency Among Library Professionals. Metaverse Basic and Applied Research. 2024;3:59. https://doi.org/10.56294/mr202459.

Received: 05-08-2023                         Revised: 22-10-2023                        Accepted: 25-12-2023                       Published: 26-12-2023

Editor: Lic. Mabel Cecilia Bonardi

ABSTRACT

In today’s rapidly evolving information landscape, library professionals play a pivotal role in helping individuals and communities’ access, evaluate, and utilize digital resources effectively. As technology continues to reshape the way information is accessed and disseminated, library professionals must embrace digital literacy as a key competency. This essay explores the importance of digital literacy in the context of emerging technologies and how library professionals can leverage it to achieve self-sufficiency in their roles. The paper concludes that digital literacy empowers library professionals to navigate the digital landscape, harness AI and data analytics, curate digital resources effectively, teach online information evaluation, and promote digital inclusion. Given the ever-evolving digital information landscape, librarians are entrusted with the critical task of providing access to knowledge and guiding patrons through a complex web of digital resources. From the paper, it is believed that leveraging digital literacy is the key to achieving self-sufficiency in these roles. As information navigators in the digital age, librarians must continue to cultivate their digital literacy skills and adapt to emerging technologies. The paper recommends that librarians should invest in continuous training and professional development programs focused on digital marketing, e-commerce, and content creation, libraries should allocate resources strategically to invest in the necessary digital tools and platforms for income generation and libraries can implement change management strategies to address resistance to digital transformation and foster a culture of innovation.

Keywords: Digital; Literacy; Self-Sufficiency; Technologies; Library Professionals.

RESUMEN

En el panorama actual de la información, en rápida evolución, los profesionales de las bibliotecas desempeñan un papel fundamental a la hora de ayudar a las personas y a las comunidades a acceder a los recursos digitales, evaluarlos y utilizarlos de forma eficaz. A medida que la tecnología sigue transformando la forma en que se accede a la información y se difunde, los profesionales de las bibliotecas deben adoptar la alfabetización digital como una competencia clave. Este ensayo explora la importancia de la alfabetización digital en el contexto de las tecnologías emergentes y cómo los profesionales de las bibliotecas pueden aprovecharla para lograr la autosuficiencia en sus funciones. El documento concluye que la alfabetización digital capacita a los profesionales de las bibliotecas para navegar por el panorama digital, aprovechar la IA y el análisis de datos, conservar los recursos digitales de manera eficaz, enseñar la evaluación de la información en línea y promover la inclusión digital. Dado el panorama de la información digital en constante evolución, a los bibliotecarios se les confía la tarea crítica de proporcionar acceso al conocimiento y guiar a los usuarios a través de una compleja red de recursos digitales. A partir del documento, se cree que aprovechar la alfabetización digital es la clave para lograr la autosuficiencia en estas funciones. Como navegantes de la información en la era digital, los bibliotecarios deben seguir cultivando sus habilidades de alfabetización digital y adaptarse a las tecnologías emergentes. El documento recomienda que los bibliotecarios inviertan en programas de formación continua y desarrollo profesional centrados en el marketing digital, el comercio electrónico y la creación de contenidos, que las bibliotecas asignen recursos estratégicamente para invertir en las herramientas y plataformas digitales necesarias para la generación de ingresos y que las bibliotecas puedan aplicar estrategias de gestión del cambio para hacer frente a la resistencia a la transformación digital y fomentar una cultura de la innovación.

Palabras clave: Digital; Alfabetización; Autosuficiencia; Tecnologías; Profesionales de Bibliotecas.

INTRODUCTION

The digital revolution has transformed the landscape of information and knowledge management, challenging library professionals to adapt and evolve in response to the rapidly changing dynamics of the digital age. In an era marked by the proliferation of digital resources, the rise of emerging technologies, and the ever-increasing demand for digital literacy, library professionals find themselves at the forefront of facilitating access to information and promoting digital self-sufficiency among their patrons. This article explores the significance of digital literacy in the context of emerging technologies and the pivotal role it plays in empowering library professionals to achieve self-sufficiency in their ever-expanding roles.

Understanding Emerging Technologies

Emerging technologies are at the forefront of transforming society, industries, and the way we interact with the world. These technologies represent the cutting edge of innovation and have the potential to redefine how we live, work, communicate, and solve complex problems. This essay explores the profound role of emerging technologies in shaping various facets of our lives and their impact on society and industry. Emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, and augmented reality, are reshaping the way information is organized, accessed, and utilized. These technologies have the potential to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of library services while also presenting new challenges. Library professionals must adapt to these changes and harness emerging technologies to remain relevant in the digital era.^(1,2)

Emerging technologies encompass a broad spectrum of innovations that are in the early stages of development and adoption. They include fields such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, quantum computing, biotechnology, augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), and the Internet of Things (IoT). What sets these technologies apart is their disruptive potential and their ability to drive significant change across multiple domains. One of the most evident impacts of emerging technologies is their role in transforming communication and connectivity. The proliferation of the internet, coupled with the rise of smartphones and IoT devices, has ushered in an era of unprecedented connectivity. Technologies like 5G promise ultra-fast, low-latency communication, enabling real-time data exchange and fostering the growth of smart cities and autonomous vehicles.⁽³⁾

Understanding Digital Literacy

Digital literacy encompasses a range of skills that enable individuals to navigate and make sense of the digital world. It includes the ability to use digital tools, evaluate online information critically, and apply technology effectively in various contexts.⁽¹⁾ For library professionals, digital literacy is not just a desirable skill—it is an essential competency that empowers them to provide valuable services in an increasingly digital society.

The digital transformation sweeping across society has redefined the role of libraries and the professionals who steward them. No longer merely repositories of physical books, libraries now serve as gateways to vast digital repositories of knowledge. Library professionals have become digital navigators, guiding users through the intricacies of information access, evaluation, and utilization in an increasingly digital world.  Digital literacy is foundational to library professionals' ability to excel in these expanded roles. It enables them to:

· Navigate Complex Databases: Digital literacy skills empower library professionals to navigate and retrieve information from diverse digital sources, ensuring that users can access high-quality resources.

· Teach Online Information Evaluation: They can educate library patrons about the critical importance of evaluating online information for credibility and reliability, equipping them with essential skills for the digital age.⁽⁴⁾

· Leverage Digital Tools: Library professionals can use digital tools and software to streamline administrative tasks, manage digital collections, and engage with users more effectively.

· Promote Digital Inclusion: Digital literacy education provided by library professionals helps bridge the digital divide, ensuring that all community members have equal access to digital resources and opportunities.⁽⁵⁾

Role of Library Professionals in the 21st century

Library professionals are no longer merely gatekeepers of physical collections but rather information navigators in the digital age. Their responsibilities have expanded to include:

· Digital Resource Management: Curating and organizing digital collections, including e-books, online databases, and multimedia resources.

· Information Retrieval: Developing and implementing effective search strategies to help users access relevant digital information efficiently.

· Digital Reference Services: Providing assistance and guidance to users seeking information in digital formats, often through virtual reference services.

· Digital Literacy Instruction: Offering workshops and training to improve patrons' digital literacy skills and ensure responsible use of digital resources.⁽⁶⁾

Khan⁽⁷⁾ also suggested the following library services in this 21st century:

· Knowledge resources management services: The advent of technology has influenced the growth in human knowledge hence libraries have to develop modern ways of providing resources, sharing strategies from print to e-resources to render relevant services to the users.

· Resource sharing and networking services: The rapid development in technology has expanded resource sharing and networking services in the library with the aid of the computer, and mobile phone through internet connectivity. Librarians can easily provide relevant services to their users without visiting the library environment. With the aid of technology, libraries can also operate consortium services all aimed toward providing quality services.

· Information technology development: Technology has aided the library in developing its collections both offline and online through the provision of e-resources in the e-library and OPAC. Users can conveniently access or request needed resources and also interact with the e-librarian from their comfort zone and will receive quality services.

· User services: The goal of establishing the library in an academic institution is to provide users with quality services that will aid teaching and learning activities, hence providing resources that will enhance a user’s learning capabilities, promote communication, create knowledge and influence good decision making is the paramount services of the library. Human resource management services: The primary role of the library is to equip humans with information resources that will increase users’ knowledge.

Digital Literacy for Librarians

The traditional role of librarians, centered on managing physical collections and helping patrons find print resources, has evolved dramatically. Librarians are now at the forefront of facilitating access to digital resources, managing digital collections, providing digital reference services, and promoting information literacy. This transformation necessitates a robust set of digital literacy skills. Digital literacy among librarians encompasses a range of competencies and skills:

· The ability to efficiently navigate and search online databases, catalogs, and digital repositories, ensuring the effective retrieval of digital resources.

· The capacity to critically assess the credibility, relevance, and reliability of online information sources, equipping librarians to guide patrons in responsible information use.⁽⁸⁾

· Proficiency in curating, organizing, and preserving digital collections, including e-books, multimedia, and databases.

· The capability to provide virtual reference assistance to patrons, addressing their information needs in the digital realm.

The ability to design and deliver digital literacy workshops and training programs for patrons to enhance their information literacy skills.

According to Fraillon et al.⁽⁴⁾, digital literacy empowers librarians to attain self-sufficiency in several key areas:

· Effective Information Retrieval: Librarians can navigate complex digital databases and repositories efficiently, ensuring they can provide timely and relevant information to patrons.

· Enhanced Information Evaluation: Librarians equipped with digital literacy skills can guide patrons in critically evaluating online sources, promoting responsible information consumption.⁽⁴⁾

· Digital Collection Management: Proficiency in managing digital collections allows librarians to curate and organize digital resources effectively, ensuring users have access to high-quality materials.

· Digital Reference Services: Librarians can offer virtual reference services, extending their reach and providing assistance to patrons beyond the physical library.

· Digital Literacy Education: By designing and delivering digital literacy programs, librarians empower patrons to navigate the digital information landscape independently.

Leveraging Digital Literacy for Self-Sufficiency

Digital literacy among librarians is not just a prerequisite for their evolving roles but also a crucial factor in income generation for libraries. Several scholars have identified the ways in which digital literacy could be enhanced for self-sufficiency.

· Continuous Learning: Digital literacy is not a static skill; it requires continuous learning and adaptation. Library professionals should prioritize professional development and stay abreast of emerging technologies and trends in the information field. Online courses, webinars, and workshops are valuable resources for expanding digital literacy.⁽¹⁾

· Data Management and Analytics: Library professionals can leverage their digital literacy to manage and analyze data effectively. They can use data analytics tools to gain insights into patron behavior, collection usage, and information trends. Data-driven decision-making can enhance library services and resource allocation.⁽⁹⁾

· AI and Automation: Embracing AI-powered tools can streamline routine tasks and improve user experiences. Chatbots, for instance, can provide instant assistance to patrons, freeing up library professionals to focus on more complex inquiries and services. Digital literacy is key to understanding and implementing such technologies.⁽¹⁰⁾

· Digital Resource Curation: With the proliferation of digital resources, library professionals must excel in curating and organizing digital collections. Digital literacy skills enable them to select, classify, and manage digital content effectively, ensuring that users can access high-quality resources.⁽¹⁾

· Online Information Evaluation: Library professionals with strong digital literacy skills can teach users how to critically evaluate online information. They can educate patrons about the importance of assessing the credibility and reliability of digital sources, equipping them with essential skills for the digital age.⁽¹¹⁾

· Digital Inclusion: Library professionals can promote digital literacy within their communities, addressing the digital divide and ensuring that all members have equal access to digital resources and opportunities. They can offer digital literacy workshops and training programs to bridge the gap.⁽¹⁰⁾

Challenges associated with librarians' digital literacy for self-sufficiency 

Many librarians have limited training in digital marketing, e-commerce, and content creation, which are essential for income generation.⁽⁶⁾ Libraries often lack the financial resources to invest in digital tools and marketing platforms necessary for income generation. Some librarians may be resistant to embracing new digital strategies and technologies due to a lack of familiarity or comfort. The digital landscape is saturated with competition, making it challenging for libraries to differentiate their offerings and attract paying customers. Librarians must navigate complex ethical considerations and data privacy concerns when monetizing digital services and resources.⁽⁶⁾

Mestre and Martin state that the digital landscape is characterized by rapid technological advancements.⁽¹²⁾ New tools, platforms, and software are continually emerging, making it challenging for librarians to keep up with the latest developments. This challenge can be exacerbated by limited resources, budgets, and training opportunities, especially in smaller libraries. Also, Bouquin underscores that many libraries, particularly those in underfunded or underserved communities, face resource constraints that hinder librarians' access to training programs and digital tools.⁽¹³⁾ Limited budgets and staffing can lead to a lack of dedicated personnel for digital literacy training and professional development.

The digital age has resulted in an abundance of information, which can be overwhelming for librarians. Navigating vast digital repositories, databases, and online resources while discerning credible information from misinformation poses significant challenges to librarians.⁽¹⁴⁾ Going further, Lloyd and Du opine that librarians must be aware of the digital divide and ensure that they can address the varying digital literacy levels among their patrons.⁽¹⁵⁾ Bridging this divide requires librarians to possess advanced digital literacy skills themselves to provide equitable access and support to all community members. Another issue is understanding the risks associated with online activities and ensuring safe information practices is crucial in today's digital environment.^(2,16) Therefore, librarians need to be well-versed in cybersecurity and privacy issues to protect patrons' data and digital assets.

CONCLUSION

In an era characterized by rapid technological advancement, library professionals must become digital literacy champions. By embracing emerging technologies and continuously expanding their digital literacy skills, they can achieve self-sufficiency in their roles and enhance the services they offer to their communities. Digital literacy empowers library professionals to navigate the digital landscape, harness AI and data analytics, curate digital resources effectively, teach online information evaluation, and promote digital inclusion.

Given the ever-evolving digital information landscape, librarians are entrusted with the critical task of providing access to knowledge and guiding patrons through a complex web of digital resources. Leveraging digital literacy is the key to achieving self-sufficiency in these roles. It enables librarians to efficiently retrieve information, critically evaluate online sources, manage digital collections, offer virtual reference services, and provide digital literacy education. As information navigators in the digital age, librarians must continue to cultivate their digital literacy skills and adapt to emerging technologies. In doing so, they not only enhance their own competencies but also empower patrons to thrive in the digital information landscape, reaffirming the indispensable role of libraries in the 21st century.

As information intermediaries, library professionals are well-positioned to lead the way in digital literacy education, ensuring that individuals and communities are equipped to thrive in an increasingly digital world. By leveraging digital literacy, library professionals can adapt to evolving technologies, fulfill their roles effectively, and remain indispensable in the digital age.

RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Librarians should invest in continuous training and professional development programs focused on digital marketing, e-commerce, and content creation.

2. Libraries should allocate resources strategically to invest in the necessary digital tools and platforms for income generation.

3. Libraries can implement change management strategies to address resistance to digital transformation and foster a culture of innovation.

4. Conducting market research to identify unmet needs and niche markets can help libraries tailor their digital offerings and stand out in a crowded digital landscape.

REFERENCES

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FINANCIACIÓN

No existe financiación para el presente trabajo

CONFLICTO DE INTERESES

Los autores declaran que no existe conflicto de interés

CONTRIBUCIÓN DE AUTORÍA

Conceptualization: Oyighan Diseiye, Sandra Ejiro Ukubeyinje, Bolaji David Oladokun, Venatus V. Kakwagh.

Investigation: Oyighan Diseiye, Sandra Ejiro Ukubeyinje, Bolaji David Oladokun, Venatus V. Kakwagh.

Methodology: Oyighan Diseiye, Sandra Ejiro Ukubeyinje, Bolaji David Oladokun, Venatus V. Kakwagh.

Project Administration: Oyighan Diseiye, Sandra Ejiro Ukubeyinje, Bolaji David Oladokun, Venatus V. Kakwagh.

Writing - original draft: Oyighan Diseiye, Sandra Ejiro Ukubeyinje, Bolaji David Oladokun, Venatus V. Kakwagh.

Writing - review and editing: Oyighan Diseiye, Sandra Ejiro Ukubeyinje, Bolaji David Oladokun, Venatus V. Kakwagh.